Molecular characteristics of methylglyoxal-modified bovine and human serum albumins. Comparison with glucose-derived advanced glycation endproduct-modified serum albumins |
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Authors: | Marie E Westwood and Paul J Thornalley |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, University of Essex, CO4 3SQ Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, UK |
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Abstract: | The amino acid modification, gel filtration chromatographic, and electrophoretic characteristics of bovine and human serum albumins irreversibly modified by methylglyoxal (MG-SA) and by glucose-derived advanced glycation endproducts (AGE-SA) were investigated. Methylglyoxal selectively modified arginine residues at low concentration (1 mM); at high methylglyoxal concentration (100 mM), the extent of arginine modification increased and lysine residues were also modified. Both arginine and lysine residues were modified in AGE-SA. Analytical gel filtration HPLC of serum albumin derivatives suggested that the proportion of dimers and oligomers increased with modification in both low and highly modified MG-SA and AGE-SA derivatives relative to unmodified serum albumins. In SDS-PAGE analysis, dimers and oligomers of low-modified MG-SA were dissociated into monomers, but not in highly modified MG-SA. MG-SA had increased anodic electrophoretic mobility under nondenaturing conditions atpH 8.6, indicating an increased net negative charge, which increased with extent of modification; highly modified MG-SA and AGE-SA had similar high electrophoretic mobilities. MG-SA derivatives were fluorescent: the fluorescence was characteristic of the arginine-derived imidazoloneN
-(5-methyl-4-imidazolon-2-yl)ornithine, but other fluorophores were also present. AGE-SA had similar fluorescence, attributed, in part, to glucose-derived imidazolones. AGE formed from glucose-modified proteins and AGE-like compounds formed from methylglyoxal-modified proteins may both be signals for recognition and degradation of senescent macromolecules.Abbreviations AGE
advanced glycation endproduct
- BSA
bovine serum albumin
- HSA
human serum albumin
- MG-SA
methylglyoxal-modified serum albumin
- MG-BSA
methylglyoxal-modified bovine serum albumin
- MG-HSA
methylglyoxal-modified human serum albumin
- AGE-SA
AGE-modified serum albumin
- AGE-BSA
AGE-modified bovine serum albumin
- AGE-HSA
AGE-modified human serum albumin
- SDS-PAGE
sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- HPLC
high-performance liquid chromatography
- FFI
2-(2-furoyl)-4(5)-(2-furanyl)-1H-imidazole |
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Keywords: | Methylglyoxal glucose glycation advanced glycation endproducts serum albumin |
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