黑色软蚧蚜小蜂生物学特性研究

黑色软蚧蚜小蜂Coccophagus yoshidae Nakayama在四川雅安地区一年发生6～7代，以低龄幼虫和蛹在网纹绵蚧2、3龄雌若虫和雌成虫体内越冬。该蜂的发育起点温度和有效积温分别为8.40℃和456.09日度。18℃、21℃、24℃、27℃和30℃恒温条件下的平均世代历期分别为44.60天、38.27天、30.83天、23.73天和20.73天。成虫需取食网纹绵蚧体液作补充营养。生殖方式为产雌孤雌生殖。成蜂羽化高峰在羽化后的第3～6天，每日的羽化高峰出现在8：00～12：00时。成蜂寿命及平均每蜂子代出蜂数量与补充营养和温度关系密切。该蜂对寄主有一定的选择性，偏好寄生较大的雌成虫，其次是2、3龄雌若虫。

Bionomics of Coccophagus yoshidae Nakayama (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)

Coccophagus yoshidae Nakayama is an important parasitic wasp of Chloropulvinaria polygonata (Cockerell). The parasitic wasp has 6-7 generations per year in Yaan and overwinters as young larvae and pupae in the 2nd and 3th instar larvae of its host. The thermal threshold and thermal sum for development are 8.40℃and 453.09 day-degrees respectively. The mean generation times at 18℃, 21℃, 24℃, 27℃ and 30℃ were 44.60 d, 38.27 d, 30.83 d, 23.73 d and 20.73 d respectively. The adult wasp sucks host body fluid for its complementary nutrition. The parasite is thelyotokous. Maximum emergence occurred at 8:00-12:00 every day, between the third and the sixth day. The longevity and offspring number per adult wasp were related to temperature and complementary nutrition. The wasp prefers to lay eggs first on adult females and then on the 2nd, 3th instar larvae of Its host.