单增李斯特菌溶血素O的功能研究进展

单核细胞增生李斯特菌(Listeria monocytogenes, Lm,简称单增李斯特菌)是一种普遍存在的革兰阳性食源性病原体,可引起人类和一些动物的李斯特菌病。侵袭性李斯特菌病通常很严重,临床上表现为自然流产、败血症和脑膜脑炎,也可表现为发热性胃肠炎综合症。成孔蛋白单增李斯特菌溶血素O(Listeriolysin O,LLO,由hly基因编码)是一种重要的毒力因子,属于胆固醇依赖性细胞溶解素(cholesterol-dependent cytolysins,CDC)毒素,其通过膜穿孔机制介导Lm从吞噬体逃逸并引起李斯特菌病。最近的研究表明LLO除了主要的膜穿孔作用,还存在其他功能,在Lm感染过程中扮演了重要的角色。从LLO的功能和作用机制等方面综述了近些年对该毒素的研究进展,以便更好地理解单增李斯特菌的感染机制,为防治李斯特病的相关研究提供参考。

Advances in Function of Listeria monocytogenes Listeriolysin O (LLO)

Listeria monocytogenes(Lm) is a ubiquitous Gram-positive food-borne pathogen that causes listeriosis both in humans and several animal species. Invasive listeriosis is usually severe and clinically manifested as spontaneous abortion, septicaemia, and meningoencephalitis, and also as a febrile gastroenteritis syndrome. The pore-forming protein listeriolysin O (LLO, encoded by hly), is a critical virulence factor, belongs to cholesterol dependent cells dissolved element (cholesterol-dependent cytolysins, CDC) toxin, that mediates Lm through membrane perforation mechanism and escape from phagosome, and causes listeriosis. However, recent studies have shown that beside major membrane perforation there are also other functions play a key role in the course of the infection of Lm. At this point, the research progress of LLO in recent years in terms of its function and mechanism of action and other aspects were summarized, so that a better understand of the infection mechanism of Lm, in order to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of listeriosis.