On the biogenesis of the myelin sheath: Cognate polarized trafficking pathways in oligodendrocytes |
| |
Authors: | Hans de Vries Dick Hoekstra |
| |
Institution: | (1) Department of Membrane Cell Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands |
| |
Abstract: | Oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the central nervous system, are capable of transporting vast quantities of proteins and of lipids, in particular galactosphingolipids, to the myelin sheath. The sheath is continuous with the plasma membrane of the oligodendrocyte, but the composition of both membrane domains differs substantially. Given its high glycosphingolipid and cholesterol content the myelin sheath bears similarity to the lipid composition of the apical domain of a polarized cell. The question thus arises whether myelin components, like typical apical membrane proteins are transported by an apical-like trafficking mechanism to the sheath, involving a raft -mediated mechanism. Indeed, the evidence indicates the presence of cognate apical and basolateral pathways in oligodendrocytes. However, all major myelin proteins do not participate in this pathway, and remarkably apical-like trafficking seems to be restricted to the oligodendrocyte cell body. In this review, we summarize the evidence on the existence of different trafficking pathways in the oligodendrocyte, and discuss possible mechanisms separating the oligodendrocyte's membrane domains. |
| |
Keywords: | oligodendrocyte myelin glycosphingolipids membrane domain rafts differentiation |
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|