Correlation of ghrelin concentration and ghrelin,ghrelin-O-acetyltransferase (GOAT) and growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a mRNAs expression in the proventriculus and brain of the growing chicken |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Veterinary Science, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan;2. Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan;3. Department of Biochemistry, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan;1. Department of Anatomy, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan;2. Department of Nutritional Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama, 719-1197, Japan;3. Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima, Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan;1. Department of Medicine, CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center and Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress, Digestive Diseases Division at the University of California Los Angeles and VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA;2. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland;3. The Clayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, The Salk Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA;1. Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India;2. Medicinal Chemistry Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India;3. Molecular and Structural Biology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India;1. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois;2. Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut;1. Drug Quality and Registration (DruQuaR) group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium;2. Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR5247 CNRS, Universités Montpellier 1 and 2, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, F-34093 Montpellier, France;3. Biological Research Center, Institute of Biochemistry, POB 521, H-6702 Szeged, Hungary;4. Departments of Veterinary Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopaedics, Medicine and Clinical Biology of Small Animals and Comparative Physiology and Biometrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium;5. Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark |
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| Abstract: | To determine mechanisms for age-related decrease of GHS-R1a expression in the chicken proventriculus, changes in mRNA expression of ghrelin and ghrelin-O-acetyltransferase (GOAT) as well as ghrelin concentrations in the proventriculus and plasma were examined in growing chickens. Changes in expression levels of ghrelin, GOAT and GHS-R1a mRNAs were also examined in different brain regions (pituitary, hypothalamus, thalamus, cerebellum, cerebral cortex, olfactory bulb, midbrain and medulla oblongata). Ghrelin concentrations in the proventriculus and plasma increased with aging and reached plateaus at 30–50 days after hatching. High level of ghrelin mRNA decreased at 3 days after hatching, and it became stable at half of the initial level. Expression levels of GHS-R1a and GOAT decreased 3 or 5 days after hatching and became stable at low levels. Significant negative correlations were found between plasma ghrelin and mRNA levels of GOAT and GHS-R1a. Expression levels of ghrelin mRNA were different in the brain regions, but a significant change was not seen with aging. GHS-R1a expression was detected in all brain regions, and age-dependent changes were observed in the pituitary and cerebellum. Different from the proventriculus, the expression of GOAT in the brain increased or did not change with aging. These results suggest that decreased GHS-R1a and GOAT mRNA expression in the proventriculus is due to endogenous ghrelin-induced down-regulation. Expression levels of ghrelin, GOAT and GHS-R1a in the brain were independently regulated from that in the proventriculus, and age-related and region-dependent regulation pattern suggests a local effect of ghrelin system in chicken brain. |
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| Keywords: | Ghrelin Growth hormone secretagogue receptor Chicken Growth mRNA expression |
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