大豆滞绿(stay-green)突变体诱变后代表型性状变异分析

本文利用大豆滞绿突变体Z-94320经60Co-γ射线诱变的突变体后代M5、M6代为材料,进行两年的田间性状观察记录统计,用相关性分析、主成分分析、聚类分析对其17个主要表型性状统计分析。结果表明:诱变后代产生了丰富的变异,出现了多种种皮色和子叶色,产生了非滞绿性状,形成了各种生育周期,且分离出晚熟性状。通过相关性分析发现,单株粒重与株重、茎粗、主茎荚数、分枝荚数、一粒荚数、二粒荚数、三粒荚数、瘪粒荚数、虫食数呈极显著正相关,这些性状可以对产量进行预测;主成分分析在M5代提取出“产量因子”、“株型因子”、“粒荚因子”、“茎荚因子”四个主成分,对农艺性状累计贡献率达到70.50%,M6代提取出“产量因子”、“虫害因子”、“株型因子”、“茎杆因子”四个主成分,对农艺性状累计贡献率达到71.54%;聚类分析将M5、M6代材料分别划分为6类,发现同代中各类群农艺性状情况大致相似,但是各农艺性状在两代之间的变化明显,在株重、结荚高度、单株粒重等方面M6代显著高于M5代,并筛选出两株高产品系和一株特色滞绿品系。本研究逐步完善了对滞绿大豆突变体库的构建,为滞绿大豆诱变后代的遗传多样性研究提供了基础的数据分析。

Variation Analysis of Phenotypic Traits in Mutant Progeny of Soybean Stay-green Mutants

The mutagenic progenies M5 and M6 of soybean stay-green mutant Z-94320 were used as the materials to observe and record the field traits for two years.The 17 main phenotypic traits of Z-94320 were analyzed by correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The mutant progenies produced abundant variations,including a variety of seed coat color and cotyledon color,non-stay-green traits,various growth cycles and the isolation of late maturity traits.Correlation analysis showed that the seed weight per plant and plant weight,mainstem thickness,number of mainstem pods,number of branch pods,number of 1-seed pods,number of 2-seed pods,number of 3-seed pods,number of shriveled pods,number of insect feeding had very significant positive correlations,these traits can be used to predict yield.Principal component analysis in the M5 extracted“production factor”,“plant factor”,“grain of pod factor”and“stem pods factor”four principal components,the agronomic traits of the cumulative contribution rate was 70.50%,the M6 extracted“production factor”,“pest factor”,“plant factor”and“stem factor”four principal components,the agronomic traits of the cumulative contribution rate is 71.54%.Cluster analysis divided M 5 and M 6 materials into six categories,and found that the agronomic traits of various groups in the same generation were roughly similar,however the agronomic traits changed obviously between generations,and M6 was significantly higher than M5 in plant weight,pod height,grain weight per plant etc.Based on the above results,two high-yield strain and one stay-green strain were selected.This study gradually improved the construction of the mutant library of stay-green soybean,and provided the basic data analysis for the study of genetic diversity of mutation progeny of stay-green soybean.