Systemic wound signaling in tomato leaves is cooperatively regulated by systemin and hydroxyproline-rich glycopeptide signals |
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Authors: | Javier Narváez-Vásquez Martha L Orozco-Cárdenas Clarence A Ryan |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6340, USA;(2) Present address: Department of Botany and Plant Science, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA;(3) Present address: Plant Transformation Research Center, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA |
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Abstract: | Hydroxyproline-rich glycopeptides (HypSys peptides) have been isolated recently from tobacco and tomato leaves that are powerful
activators of protease inhibitor synthesis. The peptides are processed from polyprotein precursors, two from a single tobacco
precursor and three from a single tomato precursor. The precursor genes are expressed in response to wounding and methyl jasmonate,
similar to the expression of the systemin precursor prosystemin in tomato leaves. Here we investigate the relationships between
systemin and the tomato HypSys peptides in regulating wound signaling in tomato plants. Analysis of transgenic tomato plants
over-expressing sense and antisense constructs of the tomato HypSys precursor under the 35S CaMV promoter show that the transgenic
plants regulate protease inhibitor gene expression in response to wounding in a manner similar to prosystemin. The evidence
indicates that the expression of both the tomato HypSys precursor gene and the prosystemin gene in response to wounding are
necessary for strong systemic signaling. The data supports a role for both genes in an amplification loop that up-regulates
the octadecanoid pathway and the synthesis of jasmonates to effect strong systemic signaling of defense genes. This report
provides the first demonstration of the involvement of two plant peptides derived from two unrelated genes in regulating long
distance wound signaling in plants.
The author responsible for distribution of materials integral to the findings presented in this article in accordance with
the policy described in the Instructions for Authors () is Clarence A. Ryan. |
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Keywords: | Defense peptides Systemic wound signaling Methyl jasmonate Octadecanoid pathway |
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