食源性致病菌风险排名方法

综述食品风险排名的相关概念及其在风险评估中的重要性,探讨发达国家进行风险分析的方法与经验,其中致病菌风险排名的研究因病原菌的动态性和宿主特异性而呈现出独特的挑战性。重点详细探讨美国对食源性致病菌排名的创新方法——专家组启发法,此法作为弥补数据不足和不确定性的手段,结合传统的＂自上而下＂和＂自下而上＂方法,可以为风险管理者提供了更全面更有效的食源性致病菌风险排名。

The methods and experience of risk ranking of foodborne pathogens

The paper is a review about the relative conceptions of risk ranking which is a useful initial procedure in any risk assessment. The methods and experience of risk analysis in the developed countries were discussed,especially the risk ranking of foodborne pathogens which presented a unique challenge from the synamics of pathogens and the host specificity. A new method for risk ranking of foodborne pathogens in the USA,heterogeneous expert elicitation,was focused. It combined the traditional approaches ＂bottom-up＂ and ＂top-down＂,and offset the data gaps and uncertainty,thus provided a more comprehensive and more effective method of risk ranking for foodborne pathogens.