酿酒酵母细胞中内质网应激与未折叠蛋白反应的研究进展

内质网应激激活的未折叠蛋白反应(Unfolded protein response,UPR)途径在酿酒酵母和哺乳动物细胞中是非常保守的。内质网(Endoplasmic reticulum,ER)是蛋白质合成、折叠和修饰的细胞器,也是贮存钙的主要场所之一。酵母细胞内质网钙平衡与UPR的作用是相互的;两个MAPK途径——HOG途径和CWI途径都是细胞应答内质网应激压力时生存所必需的;重金属镉离子能够激活UPR途径,它通过激活钙离子通道Cch1/Mid1进入细胞影响钙离子的功能。本文结合最新研究进展对酿酒酵母细胞中的两个MAPK途径、镉离子和钙离子稳态与内质网应激激活的UPR途径之间相互关系进行综述。

Advances in Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Unfolded Protein Response in Sacchayomyces cerevisiae

Unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathway activated by endoplasmic reticulum stress is highly conserved in both Saccharomyces cerevisiae and mammalian cells. Reticulum Endoplasmic (ER) is an organelle for protein synthesis, folding and modification as well as one of the main places for storage Ca²⁺.The homeostasis of Ca²⁺ and UPR are interrelated and interact on each other. The two MAPK pathways, HOG pathway and CWI pathway are all necessary for cell survival under ER stress treated conditions. And ion of heavy metal cadmium is also able to activate the UPR pathway and it enters into the cells through activating the calcium channel Cch1/Mid1 to affect the function of calcium ion. The interactions between two MAPK kinase pathways, cadmium or calcium ion homeostasis and UPR signaling activated by endoplasmic reticulum stress in S. cerevisiae cells are all summarized in this review.