辽宁省不同地区几种食用菌重金属含量测定及质量评价

对食用菌重金属含量测定和污染状况分析,探讨环境污染因素对食用菌吸收重金属的影响。采用微波消解法对食用菌进行处理,应用ICP-AES法测定了Ni、Cr、Pb、Cd、As、Hg六种重金属元素的含量。结果表明,调查的51份样品中香菇、平菇、杏鲍菇、茶树菇、双孢菇、黑木耳、鸡腿菇、蛹虫草重金属合格率均为97%以上;Ni、As含量在个别香菇和黑木耳中超标,但超标量很小;个别平菇、香菇、黑木耳、鸡腿菇有Pb的检出但不超标;平菇、香菇、茶树菇、黑木耳有Cd的检出但不超标;平菇、香菇、杏鲍菇、茶树菇、黑木耳、鸡腿菇有Cr的检出但不超标;所有样品中Hg均未检出。辽宁市场上食用菌大部分是安全的。

Detection and Quality Evaluation of Heavy Metal Content in Some Edible Fungi from Different Areas in Liaoning Province

Content determination of heavy metals and analysis of status quo of contamination in edible fungi were investigated to probe the effect of environment factors on the absorption of heavy metals by edible fungi. The edible fungi were treated adopting microwave digestion and applying ICP-AES method to determine the content of heavy metals of Ni, Cr, Pb, Cd, As and Hg in edible fungi in Liaoning province, the results showed that the qualified rate of heavy metal in xianggu mushroom (Lentinus edodes), flat mushroom (Pleurotus spp.), oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus eryngii), teatree mushroom (Agrocybe aegerita), bisporus mushroom (Agaricus bisporus), black wood ear (Auricularia auricula), chicken leg mushroom (Coprinus comatus), and northern cordyceps (Cordyceps militaris) was above 97%; the content of Ni and As were surpassed the standard, however, the excessive amount was very small; only in exceptional samples of xianggu mushroom (L. edodes), flat mushroom (Pleurotus spp.), black wood ear (A. auricula), and chicken leg mushroom (C. comatus) Pb was checked out, but not surpassed the set standard; Cd was checked out in the samples of xianggu mushroom (L. edodes), flat mushroom (Pleurotus spp.), teatree mushroom (A. aegerita), black wood ear (A. auricula), and chicken leg mushroom (C. comatus), but not surpassed the set standard; Cr was checked out from the samples of xianggu mushroom (L. edodes), flat mushroom (Pleurotus spp.), teatree mushroom (A. aegerita), black wood ear (A. auricula), and chicken leg mushroom (C. comatus), but not exceed the standard; non Hg was checked out from all samples. Therefore, the majority of edible fungi in Liaoning markets are safety.