鱼油对断奶大鼠脏器指数及肠道菌群影响的研究

目的探讨鱼油对断奶大鼠脏器指数及肠道菌群的影响。方法选取（21±3）d日龄断奶SD大鼠96只，雌雄各半，随机分为2组，实验组饲喂添加0．5％鱼油的饲料，对照组饲喂正常饲料。分别于第7、14、21、28天处死各组大鼠12只，分别测定大鼠肝脏指数、胸腺指数及脾脏指数；应用梯度稀释法和培养法测定大鼠4种肠道正常菌群，即肠杆菌、双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌、葡萄球菌。结果实验组第7天脾脏指数与对照组相比差异有显著性（P〈0．05），第28天肝脏指数和胸腺指数与对照组相比差异有显著性（P〈0．05）；实验组第7、14和21天肠道内肠杆菌数量与对照组相比差异有显著性（P〈0．05），第7天大鼠肠道内葡萄球菌数量与对照组相比差异有显著性（P〈0．05），第14天大鼠肠道内葡萄球菌数量与对照组相比差异有非常显著性（P〈0．01），实验组大鼠肠道内乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌数量与对照组相比虽有所增高，但差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论鱼油可以明显提高断奶大鼠的脏器指数，并且可通过增加断奶大鼠肠道内双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌数量，降低肠道内肠杆菌和葡萄球菌数量，进而调节断奶大鼠的肠内菌群，改善肠道内环境。

Study on the effects of fish oil on visceral index and intestinal flora in weaned rats

Objective To study the effects offish oil on visceral index and intestinal flora in weaned rats. Methods 96 SD rats at age of （21 ± 3）d were divided into 2 groups randomly, experimental group（fed with 0.5% fish oil ） and control group（ fed with basic feed）. Experimental group were fed with 0.5% fish oil,control group were fed with normal cereals. 12 rats of each group were killed on day 7,14,21 and 28, respectively. The rats＇weight, hepatic index, thymic index and splenic index were measured, and the general condition of sweaned rats were observed. 4 kinds of normal intestinal flora Bifidobacteriam,Enterobactes,Staphylococci,Lactobacillus were determined by the way of gradient dilution and cultivation. Result There was significant difference between the splenic indexes of two groups at day 7 （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The differences of hepatic indexes and thymic indexes between two groups at day 28 were obvious （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Compared with control group, the amount of Enterobactes of experimental group decreased obviously at day 7,14,21 （P 〈0.05）. The difference of the amount of Staphylococci between two groups was significant at day 7 （ P 〈 0.05 ）, and greatly significant at day 14 （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Compare with control group, the amounts of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteriam of experimental group increased a little, but there was no significant difference （ P 〉 0.05）. Conclusions Fish oil increased the indexes of spleen, liver and thymus of sweaned rats. It can increase the amount of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteriam, decrease the amount of Enterobactes and Staphylococci,regulate and improve the intestinal flora of sweaned animals.