Oxygen transport in the blood of arctic mammals: adaptation to local heterothermia |
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| Authors: | Ole Brix Astrid Bårdgard Svein Mathisen Nicholas Tyler Matti Nuutinen Sarveriò G. Condo Bruno Giardina |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Zoological Laboratory, University of Bergen, Allegaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway;(2) Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Tromsø, N-9000 Tromsø, Norway;(3) Department of Pediatrics, University of Oulu, SF-90220 Oulu 22, Finland;(4) Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, II University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Via Orazio Raimondo, 00173 Rome, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Summary The oxygen binding of whole blood from humans and two arctic mammals, reindeer and muskox, has been studied as a function of carbon dioxide and temperature. All bloods display a marked Bohr effect with Bohr coefficients in the range –0.44––0.73. The Bohr effect is more pronounced at 20°C. The temperature sensitivity of reindeer and muskox blood expressed by the apparent heat of oxygenation,  H, is almost three times lower than that of human HbA under the same experimental conditions. This thermodynamic difference gives special benefits to arctic mammals with large heterothermy by safeguarding oxygen unloading at very low ambient temperatures. |
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| Keywords: | Arctic adaptation Hemoglobin Oxygen-binding Musk-ox Reindeer |
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