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Monoclonal antibodies assisting refolding of firefly luciferase
Authors:Xu Qin  Xie Zhiqun  Ding Jianfang  Lin Sheng-Xiang  Xu Genjun
Affiliation:Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China. gjxu@sibs.ac.cn
Abstract:The reactivation efficiency in the refolding of denatured luciferase in the presence and the absence of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has been studied. Luciferase could be partially reactivated when the protein was denatured in high concentrations of guanidium chloride (GdmCl; >4.5 M) and the refolding was carried out in very low protein concentrations. The refolding yield was, however, significantly lower when it was performed on luciferase that had been denatured with lower concentrations of GdmCl. The efficiency of refolding decreases when the formation of aggregates increases. Three of the five luciferase mAbs tested (4G3, N2E3, S2G10) dramatically increased the yield of reactivation and simultaneously eliminated the formation of aggregates. It is proposed that these mAbs assisted the refolding of luciferase by binding to the exposed hydrophobic surface of the refolding intermediate, thus preventing it from aggregating. The epitopes interacting with these refolding-assisting mAbs are all located in the A-subdomain of the N-terminal region of luciferase. These results have also shed light on the structural features of the intermediate and its interface involved in protein aggregate formation, contributing to the understanding of the protein folding mechanism.
Keywords:luciferase   protein unfolding and refolding   protein aggregation   monoclonal antibodies   epitopes   enzyme activity
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