Seasonal changes of zinc, copper, and iron in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) fed fortified diets |
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Authors: | Emilio Carpeme Rossella Serra Maurizio Manera Gloria Isani |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biochemistry (Veterinary Section), University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy;(2) Department of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Pathology (General and Anatomo-pathology Section), University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy |
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Abstract: | Four groups of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) were fed diets with additional metal contents: a basal diet (diet A) contained Zn at 60.9 ± 1.9 mg/kg diet, Cu at 3.9 ±
0.9 mg/kg diet, and Fe at 138.3 ± 6.8 mg/kg diet; the other diets were supplemented with copper (20 mg/kg, diet B), iron (100
mg/kg, diet C), or zinc (300 mg/kg, diet D). Two consecutive year-classes (0+ and 1+ age fish) from the same parent stock were examined. Several fish tissues were analyzed for metal contents in five different
periods of each year in order to determine (1) the sensitivity of certain tissues as indicators of trace element metabolism
and (2) possible seasonal variations. Growth data were similar for gilthead sea bream fed the basal diet and the metal-fortified
diets. Mineral concentrations in tissues were found to be little affected by the dietary supplementation of trace elements,
suggesting an efficient homeostatic control of these three metal concentrations. Tissues involved in metal metabolism (e.g.,
liver, kidney, gills) presented greater variations between minimum and maximum values with respect to other tissues (e.g.,
brain, muscle, eye). Seasonal variations were observed during the 2 yr of this study and were especially evident for zinc
and copper concentrations in the liver. The overall pattern of metal variations showed a decreasing trend during the 2 yr.
Results from this study indicate that (1) trace element concentrations in fish tissues vary with age and life cycle and (2)
trace element requirements may vary in function of age and life cycle. |
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Keywords: | Zinc copper iron Sparus aurata diets |
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