Flavonoid sulphates in the Umbelliferae |
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Authors: | Jeffrey B Harborne Linda King |
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Institution: | Phytochemicai Unit, Plant Science Laboratories, University of Reading, Berkshire, England |
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Abstract: | A survey of over 250 representative taxa in the Umbelliferae has shown that sulphates only accumulate in three genera, Ammi, Daucus and Oenanthe. The presence of quercetin, rhamnocitrin, rhamnetin and isorhamnetin 3-sulphate in Ammi visnaga serves to distinguish it from the related A. majus which lacks sulphates. In Daucus carota leaf, the 7-and 4′-sulphates of luteolin both occur; the two characters are polymorphic and appear to be present more frequently in North temperate than in South temperate populations. Oenanthe is the only genus where sulphates are found abundantly; they occur in 7 of 9 species surveyed. In addition to the known isorhamnetin 3sulphate of O. stolonifera, quercetin 3-sulphate and luteolin 7-sulphate were identified for the first time in the genus. The synthesis of various kaempferol and quercetin sulphates is described. |
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Keywords: | Umbelliferae flavonoid sulphates quercetin 3-sulphate rhamnetin 3-sulphate luteolin 4′-sulphate chemotaxonomy chemical polymorphism chemical ecology |
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