HIV Vaccine Trial Exploits a Dual and Central Role for Innate Immunity |
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| Authors: | Deborah Heydenburg Fuller Laura E Richert-Spuhler Nichole R Klatt |
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| Institution: | aDepartment of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA;bWashington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA;cDepartment of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA |
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| Abstract: | Limited understanding of correlates of protection from HIV transmission hinders development of an efficacious vaccine. D. J. M. Lewis and colleagues (J. Virol. 88:11648–11657, 2014, doi:10.1128/JVI.01621-14)
now report that vaginal immunization with an HIVgp140 vaccine linked to the 70-kDa heat shock protein downregulated the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coreceptor CCR5 (chemokine C-C motif] receptor 5) and increased expression of the HIV resistance factor APOBEC3G (apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing, enzyme-catalytic, polypeptide-like 3G), in women. These effects correlated with HIV suppression ex vivo. Thus, vaccine-induced innate responses not only facilitate adaptive immunity–they may prove to be critical for preventing HIV transmission. |
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