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A DISCUSSION AND PROPOSAL CONCERNING THE USE OF THE TERM CALCISPHERES
Authors:by GERARD J. M. VERSTEEGH&dagger  ,THOMAS SERVAIS,MICHAEL STRENG&Dagger  ,AXEL MUNNECKE§  , DANIEL VACHARD
Affiliation:Universitédes Sciences et Technologies de Lille –Bât. SN5, UMR 8157 du CNRS Géosystèmes, F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France;e-mails:;;;
Fachbereich 5, Geowissenschaften, Universität Bremen, Postfach 330440, D-28334 Bremen, Germany;
Uppsala University, Department of Earth Sciences –Palaeobiology, Villavägen 16, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden;e-mail:;
GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Fachgruppe Paläoumwelt, Universität Erlangen, Loewenichstr 28, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany;e-mail:
Abstract:Abstract:  The terminology and grouping of spherical, calcareous microfossils of unknown biological affinity, usually referred to as calcispheres, are diffuse. The term calcispheres is inconsistently used, the morphological and taxonomical concepts are mostly ill-defined and a formal definition is lacking. To resolve this issue, we propose, in analogy with the erection of the Acritarcha for organic microfossils of unknown origin, a new group called Calcitarcha, including all calcareous microfossils with a central cavity for which the biological affinities remain unknown.
Keywords:calcareous microfossil    calcisphere    Calcitarcha    Nomenclature    pithonelloid    gilianelloid
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