Effects of ascorbic acid on cadmium-induced oxidative stress and performance of broilers |
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Authors: | Zeynep Erdogan Suat Erdogan Sefa Celik Ali Unlu |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 31040 Antakya-Hatay, Turkey;(2) Department of Biochemistry, Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 31040 Antakya-Hatay, Turkey;(3) Department of Biochemistry, Mersin University, School of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey |
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Abstract: | The effects of cadmium on performance, antioxidant defense system, liver and kidney functions, and cadmium accumulation in
selected tissues of broiler chickens were studied. Whether the possible adverse effects of cadmium would reverse with the
antioxidant ascorbic acid was also investigated. Hence, 4 treatment groups (3 replicates of 10 chicks each) were designed
in the study: control, ascorbic acid, cadmium, and cadmium plus ascorbic acid. Cadmium was given via the drinking water at
a concentration of 25 mg/L for 6 wk. Ascorbic acid was added to the basal diet at 200 mg/kg either alone or with cadmium.
Cadmium decreased the body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG), and feed efficiency (FE) significantly at the end of the experiment,
wheras its effect on feed consumption (FC) was not significant. Cadmium increased the plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) level as
an indicator of lipid peroxidation and lowered the activity of blood superoxide dismutase (SOD). Liver function enzymes, aspartate
amino transferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT)
activities were not changed by cadmium. Cadmium ingestion did not alter serum creatinine levels. Although the serum cadmium
level was not elevated, cadmium mainly accumulated in the kidneys, liver, pancreas, and muscle. Ascorbic acid supplementation
resulted in a reduction of MDA level previously increased by cadmium and a restoration in SOD activity. However, ascorbic
acid did not ameliorate the growth inhibitory effect of cadmium nor did it prevent accumulation of cadmium in analyzed tissues.
These data indicate that oxidative stress, induced by cadmium, plays a role in decreasing the performance of broilers and
that dietary supplementation by ascorbic acid might be useful in reversing the lipid peroxidation induced by cadmium and partly
alleviating the adverse effect of cadmium on performance of broilers. |
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Keywords: | Cadmium ascorbic acid performance oxidative stress tissue accumulation broilers |
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