Glass laboratory water stills: Design and performance part B: Performance

Summary The need for simple reproducible water still performance tests is outlined briefly. Five simple tests based on sodium chloride, hydrochloric acid, ammonia, dibutylamine, and carbon dioxide are described. The methods employ an uncomplicated measurement of distillate electrical conductance. The significance of each of the five tests is discussed in terms of still design and operation. Future parts of this series will broaden the variety of performance tests to include, among other things, water impurities which are highly surface-active.