Les vagues de peuplements humains au Pléistocène inférieur et moyen dans le bassin de la Loire moyenne, région Centre, France. Apports de l’étude des formations fluviatiles |
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Authors: | Jackie Despriée Pierre Voinchet Jean Dépont Christophe Falguères Jean-Michel Dolo |
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Institution: | a UMR 5198 du CNRS, département de préhistoire, institut de paléontologie humaine, muséum national d’histoire naturelle, 1, rue René-Panhard, 75013 Paris, France b Société d’archéologie et d’histoire du Berry, 18000 Bourges, France c Department of Applied Physics, Okayama University of Science, 700-0005, Okayama, Japon d Laboratoire national Henri-Becquerel, CEA/Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France e Centre régional de recherches archéologiques, 41000 Blois, France |
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Abstract: | Evidence of earliest human settlements had been searched in the alluvial formations laid down in the Middle Loire Basin. Many stepped sheets deposited during the successive interglacial-glacial quaternary cycles are studied in four valleys of the Loire tributaries: the Creuse, Indre, Cher and Loir rivers. These sandy remnants are systematically dated, using the Electron Spin Resonance method applied on bleached fluvial quartz. Five settlements which contain very Early Palaeolithic industries with Mode 1 technology were occupied during the Lower Pleistocene. About eighty sites with hand-axe assemblages are observed in Middle Pleistocene remnants; nine of these are described in this paper. The results theorize that the geographical center of France (47°N) would be reached by two influxes of human populations with an interval around 400 years, because major climatic pejorations, particularly at the end of the Lower Pleistocene. These two populations produced lithic industries with many differences in supply of raw materials and in techniques of striking. Not any typologic link had been observed joining the two industrial unities. |
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Keywords: | Premiers peuplements humains Trè s ancien Palé olithique Industries lithiques de Mode 1 Industries à bifaces Datations ESR Plé istocè ne infé rieur et moyen Formations fluviatiles Bassin de la Loire moyenne France |
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