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L’industrie lithique des gisements du Pléistocène inférieur de Barranco León et Fuente Nueva 3 à Orce, Grenade, Espagne |
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| Authors: | Isidro Toro-Moyano Henry de Lumley Déborah Barsky Vincenzo Celiberti Bienvenido Martinez-Navarro Sergio Ros-Montoya |
| Institution: | a Museo de Prehistoria y Paleontología de Orce, Palacio de los Segura s.n., 18858 Orce, Granada, Espagne b Museo Arqueológico y Etnológico de Granada, Carrera del Darro, n? 41-43, 18010 Granada, Espagne c UMR 5198, département de préhistoire du muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, institut de paléontologie humaine, 1, rue René-Panhard, 75013 Paris, France d Oficina Técnica del Patrimonio Histórico para el desarrollo de la Cuenca de Guadix-Baza, Palacio de los Segura s.n., 18858 Orce, Granada, Espagne e Centre européen de recherches préhistoriques, avenue Léon-Grégory, 66720 Tautavel, France f Université Paul-Valery Montpellier, 3, route de Mende, 34199 Montpellier cedex 5, France g Conseil général des Alpes-Maritimes, laboratoire départemental de préhistoire du Lazaret, 33 bis, boulevard Frank-Pilatte, 06300 Nice, France h Área de Prehistoria, URV-IPHES, 43005 Tarragona, Espagne |
| Abstract: | The archaeological localities of Barranco León and Fuente Nueva 3 in Orce, Grenade, in actuality have the oldest lithic artifacts in Europe; they are the oldest evidence of human occupation in the east of Europe. When compared the results from faunal analysis and magnetostratigraphical study, notably through the presence of Allophaiomys lavocati allow for a date of around 1.3 Ma. The raw material used for developing these lithic industries are, basically limestone or siliceous rocks, these raw materials selected were smoothed down in situ. The techniques used are knapping at raised with a hammerstone, and we can find all the different elements of the “chaine opératoire”. Both localities are characterised by the predominance of flakes and debris, cores, and some knapped cobbles sowing mediocre aspect. The technical and typological features of both lithic assemblages have an opportunist character but they are relatively sophisticated too. |
| Keywords: | Plus anciennes industries lithiques Matiè res premiè res Produits de dé bitage Straté gie de taille |
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