低双乙酰抗老化啤酒酵母工程菌的构建

用来源于啤酒酵母的γ-谷氨酰半胱氨酸合成酶基因（GSH1）和铜抗性基因（CUP1）取代质粒pLZ-2中α-乙酰乳酸合成酶基因（ILV2）内部约2.3kb的DNA片段，构建成重组质粒pICG。限制酶酶切质粒pICG后获得在基因GSH1和CUP1两端含有ILV2序列的6.0kb的DNA片段。用此片段转化啤酒酵母YSF31，得到铜抗性高的转化子。并通过PCR和α-乙酰乳酸合成酶（AHAS）活性测定筛选到酵母工程菌。小试实验结果表明酵母工程菌谷胱甘肽含量比受体高34％，而双乙酰含量是受体的75％。其他发酵指标并没有发生改变。中试实验表明酵母工程菌发酵周期缩短3d，而且成品啤酒的保鲜时间延长50％。由于DNA操作过程中没有外源基因介入，因此啤酒酵母工程菌为生物安全的自克隆菌株，具有重要的实际应用价值。

Genetically Modified Industrial Brewing Yeast with High-glutathione and Low-diacetyl Production

Recombinant plasmid pICG was constructed by replacing the internal fragment of a-acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) gene (ILV2) with a copy of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase gene (GSH1) and copper chelatin gene (CUP1) from the industrial brewing yeast strain YSF31. YSF31 was transformed with plasmid pICG linearized by Kpn I and Pst I. A recombinant strain with high-glutathione and low-diacetyl production was selected. The results of fermentation in 100-L bioreactor showed that the lagering time of beer produced for recombinant strain T2 was shortened by 3 days and the shelf life of the beer was prolonged about 50%. It may be more acceptable for the commercial application, as it does not contain foreign DNA.