不同方式处理牛粪对大豆生长和品质的影响

大型养殖场粪便堆积造成严重的环境污染,对这类废弃物开展资源化利用研究具有重要生态学和经济学意义。以不施肥料处理(CK)为对照,研究了生态养殖场牛粪经腐熟(DD)和蚯蚓处理(RD)后对大豆生长与品质的影响。研究表明:生态养殖场牛粪经过两种处理后,在一定施用量范围(DD≤30 t/hm2,RD≤45 t/hm2)内,可显著增加大豆株高、分株数、干物质积累,促进植株生长,增加单株荚数、籽粒数、籽粒重,提高大豆产量(P<0.01)。施入腐熟牛粪30 t/hm2株高和单株结荚数比CK分别增加24.2 cm、63%;经蚯蚓处理后,可以提高牛粪施用量的上限,施入蚯蚓处理过的牛粪45 t/hm2时产量最高、单株结荚数最多,比CK分别增加72%和75%(P<0.01);施入蚯蚓处理过的牛粪15 t/hm2时,粗蛋白含量、蛋脂总量最高,比CK分别增加7%和6%(P<0.01)。本研究可为大型养殖场牛粪资源化利用提供科学依据。

Cattle dung composted by different methods had different effects on the growth and quality of soybean

Plentiful livestock manure accumulated in large livestock field is leading to serious environmental pollution problem.Reasonable utilization of such waste has important ecological and economics significance.Decomposed cattle dung(DD) and earthworm-treated cattle dung(ED) were applied to soybean crop in order to study their influence on the growth,yield and quality of soybean.The results revealed that cattle dung treated by both methods could be able to significantly(P<0.01) promote plant height,number of branches,dry matter accumulation,add pods,seeds,seed weight per plant,soybean growth,and improve the yield and quality of soybean(DD≤30 t/hm2,RD≤45 t/hm2) compared with CK.Against CK,plant height and pods per plant increased 24.2 cm and 63% respectively,in the treatment of 30 t/hm2 DD;The application upper limit of organic fertilizer treated by earthworm could rise.The application of 45 t/hm2 ED increased the yield and pods per plant by 72% and 75% respectively(P<0.01).The protein content and the total content of protein and fat content were the highest in the treatment of 15 t/hm2 ED,which had been increased by 7% and 6% respectively,compared with CK(P<0.01).Our investigation might be useful for promoting the utilization and recycling of cattle dung in large sized livestock farms.