控制大田和自然大田稻纵卷叶螟危害水稻生理生态参数估算模型

为了准确监测和客观评估稻纵卷叶螟对水稻生长发育和产量形成的危害，利用ASD Field Spec3地物波谱仪和SPAD-502叶绿素仪分别采集控制大田试验（2015年和2019年）和自然大田试验（2020年）在各生育期（拔节期、孕穗期、灌浆期、成熟期）水稻的冠层高光谱数据和SPAD值，调查采集样点的虫量和水稻卷叶率，对比分析两种试验中稻纵卷叶螟的虫害发生特征、水稻冠层光谱特征和水稻生理生态参数特征，建立基于高光谱参数的水稻受稻纵卷叶螟危害的生理生态参数估算模型。结果表明，（1）两种试验的水稻SPAD值和冠层的红边至近红外波段的反射率均随着稻纵卷叶螟虫害程度的加重而降低，而可见光波段的反射率则相反；（2）自然大田试验的SPAD值和红光至近红外波段的冠层反射率在水稻生长发育前期要显著低于控制大田试验，而到了后期则反而要略高于控制大田试验；（3）综合分析筛选出自然大田试验和控制大田试验中的多个虫害特征参数和植被指数分别构建出了SPAD的单因子和多因子估算模型，各模型均达到了较好的估算效果，在单因子模型中EVI的二项式函数模拟效果最好，而多因子线性回归估测模型的模拟效果优于所有的单因子模型；（4）通过2021年对这些模型的应用检验发现：这些模型中基于虫量、卷叶率、OSAVI、EVI和DVI的单因子估算模型的SPAD估算值与实测值拟合度很高，其R_v²均超过了0.8，达到了比较理想的估算效果，这为稻纵卷叶螟危害下的水稻SPAD值估测提供了一种精度较高且可行的估算方法。

Estimation models of physiological and ecological parameters of rice damaged by Cnaphalocrocis medinalis under controlled field experiments and natural field experiments

In order to accurately monitor and objectively evaluate the damage of the rice leaf roller, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee (C. medinalis), to rice growth, breeding and yield formation, in this paper, the canopy hyperspectral data and soil and plant analyzer development (SPAD) values of rice in the controlled field experiments (in 2015 and 2019) and the natural field experiments (in 2020) were measured by the instruments of ASD Field Spec3 and SPAD-502 at different growth stages (jointing stage, booting stage, filling stage and maturing stage). The pest number and the percentage of rolled leaves in rice resulted from C. medinalis was measured by the manual investigations. The hyperspectral characteristics of rice canopy, physiological and ecological parameters of rice and the characteristics of C. medinalis'' occurrence parameters in the two experiments were analyzed. Models for estimating physiological and ecological parameters of rice after being damaged by C. medinalis based on the hyperspectral parameters were established. The results showed that:(1) in the two experiments, the reflectance of the red edge to near-infrared band of rice SPAD value and canopy decreased with the aggravation of the degree of C. medinalis infestation, while the reflectivity of the visible light band was the opposite. (2) The SPAD value of the natural field test and the canopy reflectance in the red light to near-infrared wavelength range were significantly lower than those of the control field test in the early stage of rice growth and development, and slightly higher than that of the control field test in the later stage. (3) After comprehensively analyzing the experimental data, the multiple pest characteristic parameters and vegetation indices in the natural field experiments and the controlled field experiments were selected. A set of single factor estimation models and multi-factor estimation models of SPAD were constructed, respectively. Each model achieved the good estimation effect, among which the binomial function simulation effect of Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) was the best in the single factor model. However, the simulation effect of the multi-factor linear regression estimation model was better than that of all single-factor models. (4) Through application test of these models in 2021, it was found that the estimated SPAD values of the single factor estimation models based on the pest number, percentage of rolled leaf, Optimized Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index (OSAVI), EVI and Difference Vegetation Index (DVI) in these models were highly consistent with the measured value, and their R_v² were more than 0.8. It indicated that these five models achieved relatively ideal estimation effect. This study provided a high-precision and feasible estimation method for the SPAD value estimation of rice under the infestation of C. medinalis.