骨髓基质干细胞多向分化的可能机制

近年来 ,围绕骨髓基质细胞分化机制的问题 ,大致有两种假说。有人认为骨髓基质细胞在其细胞的基因组内有几套“程序” ,在不同的外界环境下 ,会有相应的一套基因开启 ,从而分化成某种终末细胞。而另外一些人则认为骨髓基质细胞是通过与不同组织的细胞发生融合而实现向该组织分化的。在前人分化实验机理研究的基础上 ,认为骨髓基质细胞在分化成一些中胚层来源的细胞 ,如脂肪细胞 ,血细胞等时 ,可以直接通过靶基因的开启或关闭分化。而在跨胚层向外胚层或内胚层分化时 ,则需要通过细胞融合这一过程来最终分化成这些组织器官的特定细胞。

The Possible Mechanism of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells to Differentiate into Other Cells

There are two hypothesis for marrow stromal cells differentiating into other kind of cells. Someone thinks that there are several sets of gene in the nucleus which can be activated in response to certain microenvironment, and differentiate into some kind of terminal cells. However others think that it is the fusion makes MSCs transdifferentiate into other kind of cells. In my opinion , depending on results of many others research, MSCs can differentiate into some mesodermal cells ,such as adipose cells and hemocytes, by directly opening or closing their target gene. And when they differentiate into other cells , such as ectoderm or endoderm cells, they do need fusion with other cells of different organs to realize their transdifferentiation. ;