Cytotoxic and immunotoxic effects of Fusarium mycotoxins using a rapid colorimetric bioassay |
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Authors: | Angelo Visconti Fiorenza Minervini Giacomo Lucivero Vincenzo Gambatesa |
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Institution: | (1) Istituto Tossine e Micotossine da Parassiti Vegetali, CNR, via G. Amendola 197/F, 1-70126 Bari, Italy;(2) Istituto di Medicina Clinica, Laboratorio di Immunologia Clinica, Università, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 1-70124 Bari, Italy |
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Abstract: | A colorimetric MTT (tetrazolium salt) cleavage test was used to evaluate cytotoxicity of twenty-three Fusarium mycotoxins on two cultured human cell lines (K-562 and MIN-GL1) as well as their inhibitory effect on proliferation of phytohemagglutinin-stimulated human peripheral blood lymphocytes. The values of 50% inhibition of lymphocyte blastogenesis were very close to the 50% cytotoxic doses observed with the more sensitive cell line (MIN-GL1). T-2 toxin was the most cytotoxic with CD50 and ID50 values less than 1 ng/ml. Type A trichothecenes were the most cytotoxic followed by the type B trichothecenes; the non-trichothecenes were the least cytotoxic. The MTT cleavage test, in conjunction with cell culture, is a simple and rapid bioassay to evaluate cytotoxicity and immunotoxicity of Fusarium mycotoxins.Abbreviations Ac
acetyl
- ACU
acuminatin
- DAS
diacetoxyscirpenol
- DON
deoxynivalenol
- FUS
fusarenon-X
- HT-2
HT-2 toxin
- MC
mononuclear cell
- MTT
3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide
- NEO
neosolaniol
- NIV
nivalenol
- NT-1
4,8-diacetoxy T-2 tetraol
- PBS
phosphate buffered saline
- TAT-2T
tetraacetoxy T-2 tetraol
- T-2
T-2 toxin |
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Keywords: | Cytotoxicity Fusarium mycotoxins immunosuppression MTT-bioassay trichothecenes |
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