大肠杆菌异源合成三萜化合物研究进展和前景分析

三萜化合物具有可观的药用价值和经济价值，但是目前的生产过程复杂、产量低，利用微生物异源合成三萜化合物已成为当前研究趋势，大肠杆菌作为常用萜类合成底盘细胞具有异源合成三萜化合物及其前体的天然优势和研究前景。对三萜化合物微生物异源合成研究进展进行了综述，从三萜化合物合成代谢途径、关键酶的特点及大肠杆菌三萜表达模块和底盘细胞适配三个方面对该途径进行了阐述和分析，针对实现大肠杆菌高效合成三萜类化合物所需要解决的基础问题进行讨论，为扩展大肠杆菌作为三萜化合物合成底盘细胞提供建议和前景分析。

Progress and Prospect of Heterologous Biosynthesis of Ttriterpenoids in Engineered Escherichia coli

Triterpenoids are the major pharmacologically active constituents of many medicinal plants, which exhibit potential economic value. Currently, triterpenoids are mainly produced through their extraction from plants which is complicated, time-consuming, labour intensive and produce relatively low yields. Escherichia coli as a commonly used recombinant microbial system has the ability to generate valuable natural products, so, heterologous biosynthesis of triterpenoids or precursors in E. coli presents an attractive system. Research progress of heterologous biosynthesis of triterpenoids is summarized, including metabolic pathway, key enzymes and optimization of E. coli chassis and introduction of functional modules. Basic problems on efficient synthesis of triterpenoids in E. coli are discussed and a prospect of using E. coli as a new chassis of biosynthesis of triterpenoids is analyzed.