Geographic variability in mitochondrial introgression among hybridizing populations of Golden-winged (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Vermivora chrysoptera</Emphasis>) and Blue-winged (<Emphasis Type="Italic">V.opinus</Emphasis>) Warblers |
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Authors: | A?Dabrowski R?Fraser J?L?Confer Email author" target="_blank">I?J?LovetteEmail author |
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Institution: | (1) Evolutionary Biology Program, Laboratory of Ornithology, Cornell University, 159 Sapsucker Woods Road, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA;(2) Department of Biology, Queen’s University, 116 Barrie St., Kingston Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada;(3) Biology Department, Ithaca College, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA |
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Abstract: | The rapidly declining Golden-winged Warbler (Vermivora chrysoptera) is of conservation concern owing in part to hybridization with the closely related Blue-winged Warbler (V. pinus). These species hybridize extensively in eastern North America and over the past century the Blue-winged Warbler has displaced
the Golden-winged Warbler from substantial regions of its historic breeding range. A previous study suggested that these genetic
interactions result in rapid and asymmetric introgression of Blue-winged Warbler mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into Golden-winged
phenotype populations within the zones of contact, but more recent and extensive surveys have documented a more complex pattern
of genetic interchange between these taxa. We surveyed mtDNA/phenotype associations in 104 individuals of known phenotype
drawn from two locations with different histories of contact and found substantial variation between sites in the extent of
introgression. Where both species have co-existed for more than a century, we found evidence of bi-directional introgression
and the long-term persistence of Golden-winged mtDNA haplotypes. At the leading edge of the northward expansion of Blue-winged
Warblers, we found predominantly Golden-winged Warbler mtDNA haplotypes in both Golden-winged and hybrid-phenotype individuals.
Across both sites, genetic swamping does not appear to be occurring via the early immigration of Blue-winged Warbler females
into populations dominated by Golden-winged Warbler phenotypes. Instead, the differing patterns of mitochondrial introgression
may be driven by the relative local population sizes of the parental species coupled with subtle between-species differences
in mate choice and habitat preferences. |
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Keywords: | conservation hybridization introgression mitochondrial DNA Vermivora chrysoptera Vermivora pinus |
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