1st class ticket to class I: protein toxins as pathfinders for antigen presentation |
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Authors: | Smith Daniel C Lord J Michael Roberts Lynne M Tartour Eric Johannes Ludger |
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Institution: | Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK;INSERM U255, UniversitéPierre et Marie Curie, 75006 Paris, France;UMR144 Curie/CNRS, Traffic and Signaling Laboratory, Curie Institute, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France |
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Abstract: | A number of bacterial toxins have evolved diverse strategies for crossing membrane barriers in order to reach their substrates in the mammalian cytosol. Recent studies show that this property can be exploited for the delivery of fused antigens into the major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted presentation pathway, with the goal of eliciting a specific immune response. Here we discuss the peculiarities of the trafficking pathways of a variety of toxins, and how these may allow the toxins to be used as delivery vehicles for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. |
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Keywords: | antigen presentation immunotherapy retrograde transport toxin trafficking vectorization |
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