Isolation of a gram-positive bacterium effective in suppression of brown blotch disease of cultivated mushrooms,Pleurotus ostreatus andAgaricus bisporus, caused byPseudomonas tolaasii |
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Authors: | Takanori Tsukamoto Akira Shirata Hitoshi Murata |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Sericulture, National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Sciences, 1-2, Ohwashi, 305-8634 Tsukuba, Japan;(2) Division of Bio-Resource Development, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba-Norin, P.O. Box 16, 305-8687 Tsukuba, Japan;(3) Yokohama Plant Protection Service, Nakalu, 5-57, Kitanakadori, 231-0003 Yokohama, Japan |
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Abstract: | A Gram-positive bacterium was isolated from a rottingPleurotus ostreatus fruiting body that markedly reduced the level of extracellular toxins (i.e., tolaasins) produced byPseudomonas tolaasii, the most destructive pathogen of cultivated mushrooms. The isolated bacterium is saprophytic but not parasitic nor pathogenic
toP. ostreatus. A low ratio, ca. 10−3 cells of the isolated bacterium for oneP. tolaasii cells, was sufficient for detoxification in vitro. Inoculation of the isolated bacterium prevents the development of bacterial
disease inP. ostreatus andAgaricus bisporus. The suppression of the disease development, however requires the initial cell density equivalent to ca. 10−1 cells of the isolated bacterium for one cells of the pathogen. The effects is ascribed to the inactivation of tolaasin by
the live, suppressive bacterial cells, and not to metabolites secreted from the organism into culture media. Examination by
conventional bacteriological tests and with testing kits, i.e., MicroStationTMSystem Release 3.5 (Biolog Inc., Hayward, CA), ATB Expression (bioMerieux Inc. Japan) and VITEK (bioMerieux Inc. Japan), failed
to assign the organism to any defined bacterial genus. The suppressive bacterium may be useful in future for the development
of biocontrol system and/or the construction of genetically modified edible fungi resistant to the disease caused byP. tolaasii. |
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Keywords: | biocontrol agent detoxification Pleurotus ostreatus Pseudomonas tolaasii tolaasins |
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