武汉地区医院感染葡萄球菌的耐药性监测

目的了解武汉地区医院感染葡萄球菌的耐药现状。方法采用回顾性分析方法，对2003年1月到2007年12月我院分离的1373株金黄色葡萄球菌和259株表皮葡萄球菌的耐药性进行分析。药敏试验采用K—B纸片法，判断标准根据美国临床实验室标准化委员会（NCCLS）的标准。结果2003年1月到2007年12月我院分离到金黄色葡萄球菌1373株，其中耐甲氧西林的金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）有697株，对甲氧西林敏感株（MSSA）有587株，表皮葡萄球菌有259株，其中耐甲氧西林的表皮葡萄球菌（MRSE）有92株，对甲氧西林敏感株（MSSE）有142株。MRSA、MRSE对临床常用的抗生素几乎均耐药，只有对万古霉素和替考拉宁100％敏感；MSSA、MSSE对临床常用抗生素较敏感，但是对青霉素和红霉素耐药率均大于70％。结论武汉地区医院感染MRSA和MRSE对大部分临床常用抗生素均已高度耐药，对万古霉素和替考拉宁依然高度敏感。了解医院感染葡萄球菌的耐药状况，对临床合理选用抗生素十分重要。

Surveillance on resistance of Staphylococcus in nosocomial infections of Wuhan region

Objective To understand the antimierobial resistance of Staphylococcus causing nosocoraial infections in WuHan region. Method The drug resistance of 1373 S. aureus and 259 S. epidermidis strains isolated from clinical patients from 2003 to 2007 were analyzed by retrospective method. K-B test was used for the antibiotics susceptibility test and the results were read based on National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standard （NCCLS）. Result Among 1373 strains of S. aureus isolated from 2003 to 2007 ,there were 697 strains of metieillin-resistant S. aureus （MRSA） and 587 strains of metieillin-sensitive S. aureus （MSSA）. Among 259 strains of S. epidermidis, there were 92 strains of metitieillin-reaistant S. epidermidis （MRSE） and 142 strains of meticillin-sensitive S. epidermidis （MSSE）. MRSA and MRSE were highly resistant to almost all commonly used antibiotics except for glycopeptides （vancomycin and teiceplanin）. MSSA and MSSE were sensitive to commonly used antibiotics but the resistance rates to penicillin and erythromyein were both over 70 percents. Conclusion MRSA and MRSE in Wuhan were highly resistant to almost all commonly used antibiotics, but were highly sensitive to vancomycin and teicoplanin. It is very important for rational use of antibiotics clinically.