Mapping the domains of CD134 as a functional receptor for feline immunodeficiency virus |
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Authors: | Willett Brian J McMonagle Elizabeth L Bonci Francesca Pistello Mauro Hosie Margaret J |
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Institution: | Retrovirus Research Laboratory, Institute of Comparative Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom. b.willett@vet.gla.ac.uk |
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Abstract: | The feline homologue of CD134 is the primary binding receptor for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), targeting the virus preferentially to activated CD4+ helper T cells. However, strains of FIV differ in utilization of CD134; the prototypic strain PPR requires a minimal determinant in the first cysteine-rich domain (CRD1) of feline CD134 to confer near-optimal receptor function, while strains such as GL8 require additional determinants in the CD134 CRD2. We map this determinant to a loop in CRD2 governing the interaction between the receptor and its ligand; the amino acid substitutions S78N-S79Y-K80E restored full viral receptor activity to the CDR2 of human CD134 in the context of feline CD134, with tyrosine-79 appearing to be the critical residue for restoration of receptor function. |
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