鹅膏菌中毒小鼠解毒药物的筛选

考察了几种中药对鳞柄白鹅膏中毒小鼠的解毒作用。鳞柄白鹅膏为极毒真菌,当其干燥子实体水溶液质量浓度>10mg/mL时,小鼠全部死亡,质量浓度为10mg/mL时,小鼠在9 h内全部死亡,选择这一浓度使小鼠中毒,使用所选中药对小鼠进行解毒试验。结果表明:水飞蓟(7.8 g/kg)、绿豆(3.9 g/kg)及甘草(1.3 g/kg)均能延迟小鼠的死亡时间,但与对照组相比差异不显著。灵芝(1.95 g/kg)对小鼠的死亡时间有明显的延迟作用,并与对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05)。同时使用灵芝剂量为首次解毒试验剂量的100倍水煎液(195 g/kg)和300倍水煎液(585 g/kg),以及按原料剂量为195 g/kg提取其中三萜及多糖用于对鹅膏中毒小鼠的解毒试验。结果表明:试验组小鼠的死亡时间均有延迟,其中195 g/kg剂量灵芝组和灵芝三萜试验组与对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05)。

Selection of Detoxification Medicines of Poisoned Mice by Amanita

The detoxification function of several kinds of traditional Chinese medicine to poisoned mice by Amanita virosa was studied.A.virosa is a kind of extremely poisonous fungus.All of the mice died after the administration of the decoction of A.virosa with the concentration higher than 10 mg/mL,and the mice died within 9 hours with 10 mg/mL.This study chose the concentration of 10 mg/mL to poison the mice,then the poisoned mice were cured by using four kinds of traditional Chinese medicine.They were Silybum marianum（7.8 g/kg）,Vigna radiata（3.9 g/kg）,Glycyrrhizae（1.3 g/kg） and Ganoderma lucidum（1.95 g/kg）.The results showed that Silybum marianum,Vigna radiate and Glycyrrhizae could extend the lifetime of the mice,but it had no significant difference compared with the control group.G.lucidum could significantly extend the lifetime of the mice,and it had significant difference compared with the control group（P0.05）.The detoxification function of the G.lucidum with 100 and 300 times dosage of 1.95 g/kg,and the triterpene and polysacharrides from G.lucidum with the same dosage were used to cure the poisoned mice by A.virosa.The results showed that all the experimental groups extended the lifetime of the poisoned mice,and the groups at the dosage of 195 g/kg and the triterpene of G.lucidum had significant difference compared with the control group（P0.05）.