小家鼠和实验小鼠遗传特性的比较研究

本文用同工酶电泳法、微量细胞毒法和免疫双向扩散法对我国4个动物地理区的6个采集点的156个小家鼠(Mus musculus)进行了遗传特性的调查。结果发现:在全部被测的13个位点中,小家鼠在7个位点上存在着多种实验小鼠中罕见的基因组成;而不同动物地理区和亚区的小家鼠的遗传特性又各不相同。从而指出将小家鼠的特有基因导入实验小鼠,培育新品系的重大意义。

COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON THE GENETIC CHARACTER OF Mus musculus AND LABORATORY MOUSE

Using biochemical markers, microcytotoxicity test and Ouchterlony methods, the genetic character of 156 wild mice (Mus musculus) from 6 sites in 4 zoogeographical regions of China were investigated, and comparison with 8 strains of laboratory mouse were studied by authors. The results showed in 13 tested loci, there are some characteristic genes in 7 loci of Mus musculus which are rare in laboratory mouse. The genetic character of Mus musculus from different zoogeographical regions and subregions were also different. The importance of introducing the characteristic genes of Mus musculus into laboratory mouse and breeding new strains was indicated. The effect of Mus musculus when breeding inbred and outbred strains, the difficulties of producing laboratory mouse from Mus musculus, the reasons and countermeasures for homozygosity in some loci of Mus musculus, the theoretical significance and practical significance of comparative study on the genetic character of Mus musculus and laboratory mouse were discussed.