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A note on the effect of the full moon on the activity of wild maned wolves, Chrysocyon brachyurus
Authors:Sábato Marco Aurélio Lima  de Melo Luiz Fernando Bandeira  Magni Elisa M Vaz  Young Robert John  Coelho Carlyle Mendes
Institution:1. Fundação Zoo-Botânica, Av. Otacílio Negrão de Lima, 8000 Pampulha 31365-450, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil;2. Conservation, Ecology and Animal Behaviour Group, Prédio 41, Mestrado em Zoologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Av. Dom José Gaspar, 500 Coração Eucarístico, 30535-610 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil;1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação de Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ecologia de Mamíferos, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil;2. Laboratório de Ecologia de Mamíferos, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil;1. Zoological Garden Berlin AG, Hardenbergplatz 8, D-10787 Berlin, Germany;2. Zoological Institute and Museum, University of Greifswald, J.-S.-Bachstraße 11/12, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany;1. School of Science and the Environment, Manchester Metropolitan University, Oxford Road, M15 6BH, Manchester, United Kingdom;2. Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá (IDSM), Tefé, AM, Brazil;3. ComFauna, Comunidad de Manejo de Fauna Silvestre en la Amazonía y en Latinoamérica, 332 Malecon Tarapaca, Iquitos, Peru;4. RedeFauna, Rede de Pesquisa em Diversidade, Conservação e Uso da Fauna da Amazônia, Brazil;5. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Jalan Cifor Rawajaha, Situ Gede, Bogor Barat, Kota, Bogor, Jawa Barat, 16115, Indonesia;6. FUNDAMAZONIA, Iquitos, Loreto, Peru;7. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain;1. Bavarian State Collection of Zoology – SNSB, Münchhausenstraße 21, 81247, Munich, Germany;2. Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Department Biologie II, Großhaderner Straße 2, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany;1. CIBIO/InBio, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Vairão, Portugal;2. CEABN/InBio, Centro de Ecologia Aplicada “Professor Baeta Neves”, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
Abstract:It is well established in the scientific literature that animal prey species reduce their activity at times of high predation risk. In the case of nocturnal animals this occurs when there is a full moon; however, the response of predators to the changes in their prey behaviour is relatively unknown. Two responses are possible: (1) increase in search effort to maintain food intake; or (2) decrease in distance travelled due to either: (a) an effort to conserve energy or (b) increased kill efficiency. Using GPS tracking collars we monitored the distances travelled (which is representative of search effort) by three maned wolves during the night of the full and new moon for five lunar cycles (during the dry season). A Wilcoxon matched-paired test showed that the maned wolves travelled significantly less during the full compared to the new moon (p < 0.05). On average, during the 10 h of darkness during a full moon maned wolves travelled 1.88 km less than on a new moon. These data suggest that maned wolves respond to temporally reduced prey availability by reducing their distance travelled.
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