基于能值理论的中国城市新陈代谢

运用城市新陈代谢能值指标方法,分析了2000和2010年31个典型中国城市的新陈代谢系统构成及发展特征.结果表明: 研究期间,中国城市新陈代谢系统的资源消耗型、沿海外贸型特征明显.内陆城市的非可再生资源能值占城市代谢系统能值总量的比例较高.北京、上海等大都市及东部沿海城市的进出口能值比重偏大,表现出显著的代谢外向型发展特征.在此基础上,明确了城市在实现可持续发展目标过程中的新陈代谢改进方向:发展可再生资源、能源产业;改善非可再生资源、能源利用效率;优化城市进出口服务、货物和燃料结构;弹性的城市新陈代谢管理机制.

The Chinese urban metabolisms based on the emergy theory.

By using emergy indices of urban metabolisms, this paper analyzed 31 Chinese urban metabolisms’ systematic structures and characteristics in 2000 and 2010. The results showed that Chinese urban metabolisms were characterized as resource consumption and coastal external dependency. Non-renewable resource emergy accounted for a higher proportion of the total emergy in the inland cities’ urban metabolisms. The emergy of imports and exports accounted for the vast majority of urban metabolic systems in metropolises and coastal cities such as Beijing and Shanghai, showing a significant externally oriented metabolic characteristic. Based on that, the related policies were put forward: to develop the renewable resource and energy industry; to improve the non-renewable resource and energy utilization efficiencies; to optimize the import and export structure of services, cargo and fuel; and to establish the flexible management mechanism of urban metabolisms.