流式细胞术在哺乳动物精液质量检测中的应用

精液检测的首要目标就是快速准确地确定精子的生育力。同时具备多种特性和功能完整的精子才能受精，因而只有同时客观地检测多个指标，才能更好地反映精子的生育力。精子检测的传统方法费时费力，检测精子数量少，指标单一，而且易受操作者的主观影响，不能准确地反映精子功能。流式细胞术(FCM)为精子功能研究提供了一种快速、客观、多指标、大通量的检测手段；利用FCM检测精子的质膜完整性、顶体状态、染色质结构、线粒体功能以及细胞凋亡等，可以得知精子功能的相关情况。随着新的荧光探针、染色方法的不断开发和改进，FCM为精液质量检测提供了一种新的检测平台，应用前景极其广阔。

Evaluation of Mammalian Semen Quality by Flow Cytometry

The primary goal of all semen analyses is to accurately determine the fertilizing potential of semen samples rapidly.Since a spermatozoon must possess many attributes in order to fertilize an oocyte,the only way that we can more precisely predict the fertility is to develop unbiased assays that measure several sperm traits simultaneously.Conventional laboratory assays of spermatozoa,using subjective method,many are time consuming,and are necessarily conducted on samples of relatively small size,fall short of predicting the sperm function.Flow cytometry (FCM) permits us to objectively measure thousands of sperm for multiple characteristics in a short time with minimum preparation.The applications of FCM to evaluation of semen quality including sperm plasma membrane integrity,acrosome status,chromatin structure,mitochondrial activity as well as apoptosis etc,provide us valuable information regarding sperm function.FCM offers powerful tools and exciting opportunities for improving our ability to accurately evaluate semen quality with new fluorescent probes and techniques continuously being developed.