The unfolded protein response and its role in intestinal homeostasis and inflammation |
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| Authors: | Kaser Arthur Flak Magdalena B Tomczak Michal F Blumberg Richard S |
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| Institution: | aDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK;bDept of Medicine II, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria;cGastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA |
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| Abstract: | The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a signaling pathway from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the nucleus that protects cells from the stress caused by misfolded or unfolded proteins 1, 2]. As such, ER stress is an ongoing challenge for all cells given the central biologic importance of secretion as part of normal physiologic functions. This is especially the case for cells that are highly dependent upon secretory function as part of their major duties. Within mucosal tissues, the intestinal epithelium is especially dependent upon an intact UPR for its normal activities 3]. This review will discuss the UPR and the special role that it provides in the functioning of the intestinal epithelium and, when dysfunctional, its implications for understanding mucosal homeostasis and intestinal inflammation, as occurs in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). |
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| Keywords: | Unfolded protein response Endoplasmic reticulum stress Inflammatory bowel disease Intestinal epithelial cells Paneth cells |
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