中国鲴亚科鱼类同工酶和骨骼特征及系统演化的探讨：鲤形目：鲤科

本文对鲴亚科Xenocyprinae共4属6种鱼和鲢亚科Hypophthal michthyinae的鲢、鳙Aristichihys nobilis进行了骨骼系统的研究,并对鲴亚科的6种鱼同工酶谱型,进行了分析比较。鲢亚科虽然具有鲴亚科的共同祖征和全部离征,但因其有较多的特化性状,仍将其列为和鲴亚科并列的一个亚科。应用分支系统学原理推导出鲴亚科的系统发育图。鲴亚科6种鱼的肝、肾、心、眼的晶状体、鳍、脑,肌肉等7种组织5种同工酶(LDH,MDH,ES,ADH,G6PDH)的电泳分析表明,生化分类和经典分类结果完全一致。

STUDIES ON ISOZYMES, SKELETON CHARACTERS OF THE XENOCYPRINAE FISHES OF CHINA AND DISCUSSION ON SYSTEMATIC EVOLUTION

This paper studies on the skeleton of six species of four genera of Xenocyprinae (Xenocy-pris argentea, X. davidi, Plagiognathops microlepis, Distoechodon tumirostris, D. compressus, Pseudobrama simoni) and two species of Hypophthalmichthyinae (Aristichthys nobilis, Hypo-phthalmichthys molitrix), deals with isozymes analysis of six species of Xenocyprinae. Based on the comparison of the characteristics of some skele ton, it is found that although Hypophthalmichthyinae has common plesiomorphy and all apomorphy of Xenocyprinae, owing to more special characteristie the authers consider it to be of the same rank as Xenocyprinae.In the terms of the distribution of the characters states in genera of Xenocyprinae, based upon the principles of the cladistic systematics, phylogenetic cladogram of the close relationship between Xenocyprinae is given. The cladogram indicates the close relationship between Xenocypris and Plagiognathops, Distoechodon and Pseudobrama. Among the fishes of four genera, Xenocypris is the most primitive group and Pseudobrama is the most advanced one.Lactate dehydrogenass (LDH), Malate dehydrogenase (MDH), Glucose-6-phosphate dehyd-rogenase (G6PDH), Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and Esterase (ES) isozymes of seven tissues of six species of Xenocyprinae were analysed by LKB horizontal acrylamide-gel electrophoresis. The result shows that the biochemical system well agree with the result of systematic studies based on the morphological and anatomical characteristics. The former gives out the evidence for the classical system in the molecular level.