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Effects of auxins and cytokinins on epigenetic instability of callus-propagated Kalanchoe blossfeldiana Poelln.
Authors:A. Varga  L. H. Thoma  J. Bruinsma
Affiliation:(1) Department of Plant Physiology, Agricultural University, Arboretumlaan 4, 6703 BD Wageningen, The Netherlands
Abstract:A main problem in the vegetative propagation of ornamental plants in vitro is the epigenetic instability of cells removed from their organized environment. With calluses of leaf explants of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana Poelln., cv. Yucatan, the role of plant growth regulators (PGRs) in the occurrence of fasciation was studied.In various combinations of auxins and cytokinins, the auxin 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) gave only deformed, inseparable shoot primordia. The most rapid callus induction with regeneration of well-developed sprouts was obtained with the natural IAA (indoleacetic acid) and Z (zeatin).As a first symptom of fasciation, aberration in decussate phyllotaxis can be observed. At increasing concentrations of IAA + Z, this symptom gradually decreased but fasciation proper increased. The optimum concentration was at 1 mgrM for both PGRs. Reduction of exposure to the PGRs from six to three weeks reduced the epigenetic instability.
Keywords:Kalanchoe  in vitro propagation  callus  epigenetic instability  fasciation  plant growth regulators (PGRs)
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