Spatial and temporal regulation of DNA fragmentation in the aleurone of germinating barley |
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| Authors: | Wang, M Oppedijk, B Caspers, M Lamers, G Boot, M Geerlings, D Bakhuizen, B Meijer, A Van Duijn, B |
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| Affiliation: | Center for Phytotechnology RUL/TNO, TNO Department of Plant Biotechnology, Wassenaarseweg 64, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands; Center for Phytotechnology RUL/TNO, Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, EMCA unit, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 64, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands; Center for Phytotechnology RUL/TNO, Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 64, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands; Corresponding author |
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| Abstract: | During germination of barley grains, the appearance of DNA fragmentationstarted in aleurone cells near the embryo and extended to the distal end ina time-dependent manner. DNA fragmentation was demonstrated to occur onlyafter the expression of  -amylase mRNA inthe aleurone layer. In addition, cell wall degradation started in cellsnear the embryo on the sides facing the endosperm. Subsequently cell walldegradation extended to the lateral cell walls and to cells more to thedistal end of the grain. A typical alteration of the nucleus was observedby electron microscopy and an almost complete degradation of DNA was foundin the nucleus while the nuclear envelope remained intact. The resultsindicate that programmed cell death occurred in aleurone cells duringgermination. A model is proposed for the regulation of programmed celldeath in aleurone cells during germination involving ABA levels and cellwall degradation. |
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