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Breastfeeding Initiation: Impact of Obesity in a Large Canadian Perinatal Cohort Study
Authors:Julie Verret-Chalifour  Yves Giguère  Jean-Claude Forest  Jordie Croteau  Peiyin Zhang  Isabelle Marc
Institution:1Departments of Pediatrics, Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) de Quebec, Quebec city, Quebec, Canada;2Departments of Medical Biology, Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) de Quebec, Quebec city, Quebec, Canada;3Laboratory of Biostatistics, Centre de recherche de l’institut universitaire en santé mentale de Quebec (Université Laval), Quebec city, Quebec, Canada;TNO, NETHERLANDS
Abstract:ObjectiveTo evaluate incidence of breastfeeding initiation according to maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) in “Grossesse en Santé”, a large prospective birth cohort in Quebec City.MethodsBreastfeeding initiation in the post-partum period, pre-pregnancy BMI, sociodemographic determinants and obstetrical and neonatal factors were collected from years 2005 to 2010 in 6592 women with single pregnancies. Prenatal non-intention to breastfeed was documented in a subgroup of the cohort (years 2009–2010). Log-binomial regression analyses were performed to assess relative risk (RR) of non-initiation of breastfeeding between maternal BMI categories in models including pre- and post-natal determinants, after exclusion of variables with a mediating effect.ResultsTwenty percent (20%) of obese women did not initiate breastfeeding in the post-natal period at hospital compared to 12% for normal weight women. Compared with those having a normal pre-pregnancy BMI, obese women had a higher risk of non-initiation of breastfeeding (RRunadj 1.69, 95% CI 1.44–1.98), even after adjustment for prenatal and sociodemographic factors (RRadj 1.26, 95% CI 1.08–1.46). Furthermore, the risk of non-initiation of breastfeeding in obese women still remained higher after introduction of per- and post-natal factors (RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.04–1.42). The prenatal non-intention to breastfeed was strongly associated with the non-initiation of breastfeeding for all categories of BMI.ConclusionMaternal obesity is associated with a two-fold rate of non-initiation of breastfeeding. Considering the benefits of breastfeeding and the increasing obesity rate, adapted interventions and specialized support should target both pre- and immediate post-natal periods in this population.
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