西北太平洋海岸带大弹涂鱼复合体的隐存种与进化历史

大弹涂鱼Boleophthalmus pectinirostris间断分布于西太平洋海岸带东亚与马来西亚马六甲海峡，但马来西亚种群的分类地位尚存争议。研究使用线粒体ND5基因序列（718 bp）与核位点Rag1基因序列（1395 bp）对西北太平洋海岸带11个地点的45尾大弹涂鱼属鱼类进行系统发育关系重建，结果表明大弹涂鱼包括东亚与马来西亚两个单系群，两者形成姊妹群关系。GMYC分析、*BEAST物种树支持大弹涂鱼东亚谱系和马来西亚谱系是不同种。分子测定年龄分析表明大弹涂鱼东亚谱系与马来西亚谱系之间的分化时间为2.73百万年。因此，西北太平洋海岸带大弹涂鱼是复合体，包括两个物种:东亚种群是大弹涂鱼Boleophthalmus pectinirostris sensu stricto，而马来西亚种群是隐存种Boleophthalmus sp.。大弹涂鱼与隐存种之间的物种分化可能是晚上新世冰期海平面下降产生的地理隔离以及间冰期洋流对基因交流的阻碍两方面相互作用的结果。  

CRYPTIC SPECIES AND EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF BOLEOPHTHALMUS PECTINIROSTRIS COMPLEX ALONG THE NORTHWESTERN PACIFIC COAST

The species range of Boleophthalmus pectinirostris sensu lato includes two disjunctive areas, i.e., East Asia and Strait of Malacca in Malaysia along the northwestern Pacific coast. However, the species status of Malaysian populations remains disputed. Mitochondrial ND5 gene (718 bp) and nuclear Rag1 gene (1395 bp) were used to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships among Boleophthalmus pectinirostris fishes by sampling 45 specimens from 11 locations in the northwestern Pacific. The results showed that Boleophthalmus pectinirostris fishes could be divided into two major monophyletic groups, i.e., East Asian lineage and Malaysian lineage, and which together formed the sister-group relationship. Species delineation using the analyses of GMYC and *Beast species tree supports that East Asian lineage and Malasian lineage of Boleophthalmus pectinirostris sensu lato should be placed into two different species. Molecular dating revealed that the divergence time between East Asian lineage and Malaysian lineage of Boleophthalmus pectinirostris sensu lato was 2.73 Ma. We concluded that Boleophthalmus pectinirostris sensu lato was a complex, including two species. The East Asian populations is Boleophthalmus pectinirostris sensu stricto, and the Malaysian populations is a cryptic species (Boleophthalmus sp.). Our findings suggested that species split between Boleophthalmus pectinirostris sensu stricto and Boleophthalmus sp. was attributed to geographical isolation during lowing sea levels of ice ages and the barrier of gene flow induced by ocean currents during interglacial period in the late Pliocene.