温度对萼花臂尾轮虫卵的发育、种群增长和生产量的影响

1981—1983年,在不同的培养温度下,观察了萼花臂尾轮虫(Brachionus calyciflorus)卵的发育时间、种群的增长并用3种不同方法测算生产量。在5—30℃的培养温度下,轮虫卵的发育时间(D)随温度(T)升高而缩短,其曲线迴归方程为: LnD=2.0539+0.1097LnT-0.3046(LnT)2 在10,15,20,25℃的培养温度下,从休眠卵孵化出来的孤雌生殖雌体,其繁殖的种群增长曲线都呈“S”形,或称逻辑斯蒂曲线(Logistic curve)。不同的温度,种群达到高峰所需的时间有所不同,温度高者短,低者长;容纳量(carrying capacity)却随温度增加而有所增加。用线性和指数方法计算轮虫种群的生产量所得的结果相似;而与世代时间方法计算所获得的结果相比,差距很大。这种差距随着温度增加而增加。根据本文的研究结果和文献中报道的数据,获得了在0.6—35.2℃温度范围内,卵的发育时间(D)与温度(T)之间的迴归方程: LnD=2.1869-0.1919LnT-0.2218(LnT)2  

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE EGG DEVELOPMENT,POPULATION GROWTH AND PRODUCTION OF BRACHIONUS CALYCIFLORUS PALLAS (ROTIFERA)

Egg develpoment time and population growth of Brachionus calyciflorus were observed at constant temperature, and the production rate of the species was estimated with three different methods.Development time decreases with increasing temperature from 5° to 30℃. The relationship between temperature (T) and development time (D) was found to be curvilinear and may be described by following equation:Ln D = 2.0539+0.1097LnT -0.3046(Ln T)2 The population growth curves of parthenogenetic females hatched from resting eggs are S-shaped or Logistic at 10, 15, 20, and 25℃. The time at which the maximum population density occurred was shortened with increasing temperature, but the carrying capacity would increase as the temperature increased.The mean daily production increases with increasing temperature. In general, similar results of production are obtained by using either linear or exponential method. However, a great percentage difference was found when the values were compared with those derived from the generation time method.From the data of the present study and those in the literature, a curvilinear logarithmic equation: Ln D=2.1869-0.1919 LnT-0.2218 (LnT)2 is derived to summarize the relation between developmental duration and temperature (0.6—35.2℃) in Brachionus calyciflorus.