菰属系统与演化研究—胚形态

本文采用光学显微镜对全世界菰属４种２亚种及其有关属种共４属７种的胚形态进行系统研究后，获得菰属Ｚｉｚａｎｉａ Ｌ．与山涧草Ｃｈｉｋｕｓｉｃｈｌｏａ ａｐｕａｔｉｃａ Ｋｏｉｄｚ．的胚型为Ｆ＋ＦＰ，稻Ｏｒｙｚａ ｓａｔｉｖａ Ｌ．与拟菰Ｚｉｚａｎｉｏｐｓｉｓ ｍｉｌｉａｃｅａ（Ｍｉｃｈｘ．）Ｄｏｅｌｌ ＆ Ａｓｃｈｅｒｓ．的胚型为Ｆ＋ＦＰ，其中山涧草的胚型为首次报导。根据胚型，这４属均应位在禾本科Ｇ

A SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY STUDY OF ZIZANIA L. (GRAMINAE)--EMBRYO MORPHOLOGY

This paper deals with embryology morphology of Zizania L. and its relatives. A total of 4 genera 7 species and 2 subspecies were examinedunder light microscope. The results are as follows. 1. The genus Zizania L. belongs to tribe Oryzeae as show by its embryo formula F + PP. But it is different from others by its cylindric caryopsis,scutellum narrow and very long etc. Hance it may be considered as anisolated subtribe Zizaniinae in Oryzeae. 2. The evolutionary trend of the taxa seems that, gen. Oryza L.is more primitive than others, such as Zizania related to Oryza by thecommon character of their caryopsis, Zizaniopsis related to Oryza by theircommon characters of scutellum nearly triangular and epiblast connectedwith scutellum, gen. Chikusichloa related to Oryza by their common chara-cters of scutellum elliptic obtuse at apex. Hance it may be considered asthat they may be derived from the ancient stock which has also given riseto the genus Oryza, and therefore paralled evolutionmay have taken placein Oryzeae. 3. The characters of embryo morphology under LM support the division of the genus Zizania into 4 species, 2 subspecies in the world, i.e. Z. latifolia (Griseb.) Turcz, ex Stapf, Z. texana Hitche., Z. aquaticaL. subsp. aquatica, Z. aquatica subsp. brevis (Fassett) S. L. Chen, Z.palustris L. subsp. palustris and Z. palustris L. subsp. interior (Fassett)S. L. Chen. In this group, Z. latifolia is the most primitive species.