5株新分离海洋硅藻总脂和脂肪酸组成的比较研究

从浙江渔山列岛、朱家尖海域拖网采集浮游植物，采用平板分离法和水滴分离法分离、纯化出5株硅藻，用MAV培养基进行培养，采用Bligh—Dyer法和气相色谱-质谱法，对5株海洋硅藻的总脂及脂肪酸组成进行了分析比较。结果表明：在水温17—25℃，盐度25，自然光照，不充气培养条件下，5株海洋硅藻的总脂含量为15．14％-28．07％，除成对海链藻（Thalassiosirabinata）外，大龙骨藻（Tropidoneismaxima）、咖啡双眉藻（Amphoracoffeaeformis）、曼氏骨奈藻SM-2012—1（Skeletonemamunzelii）、曼氏骨条藻SM-2012-2（Skeletonemamunzelii）的总脂含量均超过其干重的20％。除咖啡双眉藻的20：4n_6含量高于20：5n4外，其它4株硅藻的20：5n．3在脂肪酸组成中含量较高，达22．04％-27．74％；5株硅藻中C18系列脂肪酸含量较低，为0．13％-7．6％；咖啡双眉藻除外的其它4株硅藻均舍有一定量的22：6n-3（2．40％-3．45％）。最终选出大龙骨藻（Tropidoneis maxima）、曼氏骨条藻SM-2012-1（Skeletonemamunzelii）、曼氏骨条藻SM-2012-2（Skeletonemamunzelii）具有开发的潜能。

A comparative study on total lipid and fatty acid composition of five newly isolated marine diatoms

By the method of tablet and droplet separation, five species of diatoms collected from Zhejiang Yushan islands and Zhujia- jian Sea area were isolated and purified. The isolates were cultured under MAV medium. A comparative analysis of total lipid and fatty acid composition was made by using the methods of Bligh-Dyer and GC-MS. The resuh showed that under the condition of water tem- perature 17 -25~C, salinity 25, natural light and without inflation, total lipid contents of five species of marine diatoms ranged from 15. 14% to 28. 07% , and total lipid content of Tropidoneis maxima, Amphora coffeaeformis, Skeletonema munzelii SM-2012-1, Skele- tonema munzdii SM-2012-2 was more than 20% on dry weight except Thalassiosira binata. The high level of 20：5 n-3 in four species of diatoms was from 22.04% to 27.74% except that the content of 20：4 n-6 was higher than that of 20：5 n-3 for Amphora coffeae- formis. A certain amount of 22：6 n-3（2.40% to 3.45% ） was found in four species except Amphora coffeaeformis. Tropidoneis maxi- ma, Skeletonema munzelii SM-2012-1 and Skeletonema munzelii SM-2012-2 were eventually determined to have the potential for further application.