水稻茎伸长生长与植物激素

赤霉素（GA），生长素（IAA），脱落酸（ABA）和乙烯影响水稻茎（或节间）的伸长，其中赤霉素与水稻茎伸长生长的关系最密切。GA1是植物体内刺激茎伸长的至关重要的赤霉素，GA3已作为最常用的外源激素诱导水稻的节间伸长。水稻茎秆的伸受激素浓度和敏感性的双重控制，激素浓度或敏感性任一方的改变都有可能导致株高的变异。赤霉素如此显著地促进茎的伸长可能与增加细胞分裂和促使细胞壁松弛有关。而生长素主要促进细胞伸长。植物激素促进水稻茎长的分子机理的研究已有较大的进展，预期这方面的研究和应用在未来几年内将有新的突破。

Rice Stem Elongation and Plant Hormones

Gibberellic acid (GA), indoleacetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene affect the elongation of rice stem (or internode). Among them, GA plays the most significant role. GA 1 is the crucial factor that induces stem elongation, and GA 3 has acted on as the most common exogenous hormone stimulating internode elongation of rice. Rice stem elongation is controlled both by the hormone levels and the sensitivity of stem tissue to the hormones. A change of either part will result in variation of plant hight. GAs promote plant stem to elongate so vigorously probably because GAs cause cell division and stimulate cell wall relaxation, whereas IAA mainly promotes cell wall elongation. Great progress has been made in the molecular mechanism of plant hormone stimulating rice stem elongation and it is expected that a new breakthrough in this field will be made in the coming years.