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Cladosporium cladosporioides LPSC 1088 Produces the 1,8-Dihydroxynaphthalene-Melanin-Like Compound and Carries a Putative pks Gene |
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| Authors: | Carla Llorente Alejandra Bárcena José Vera Bahima Mario C N Saparrat Angélica M Arambarri M Fernanda Rozas María V Mirífico Pedro A Balatti |
| Institution: | 1. Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE), CCT-La Plata-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), Diag. 113 y 61, CC 327, 1900, La Plata, Argentina 2. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Centro de Investigaciones de Fitopatología (CIDEFI), UNLP, 60 y 119, 1900, La Plata, Argentina 3. INFIVE, UNLP-CCT-La Plata-CONICET, Diag. 113 y 61, CC 327, 1900, La Plata, Argentina 4. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Instituto de Botánica Spegazzini, UNLP, 53 # 477, 1900, La Plata, Argentina 5. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Cátedra de Microbiología Agrícola, UNLP, 60 y 119, 1900, La Plata, Argentina 6. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, UNLP, CCT-La Plata-CONICET, Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Diag. 113 y 64, CC 16 suc. 4, 1900, La Plata, Argentina 7. Facultad de Ingeniería, UNLP, área Departamental Ingeniería Química, Calle 47 y 1, 1900, La Plata, Argentina 8. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, UNLP, CIDEFI, 60 y 119, 1900, La Plata, Argentina |
| Abstract: | Cladosporium cladosporioides is a dematiaceous fungus with coloured mycelia and conidia due to the presence of dark pigments. The purpose of this study was to characterize the dark pigments synthetized by Cladosporium sp. LPSC no. 1088 and also to identify the putative polyketide synthase (pks) gene that might be involved in the pigment biosynthesis. Morphological as well as molecular features like the ITS sequence confirmed that LPSC 1088 is Cladosporium cladosporioides. UV-visible, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectroscopy analysis as well as melanin inhibitors suggest that the main dark pigment of the isolate was 1,8 dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN)-melanin-type compound. Two commercial fungicides, Difenoconazole and Chlorothalonil, inhibited fungal growth as well as increased pigmentation of the colonies suggesting that melanin might protect the fungus against chemical stress. The pigment is most probably synthetized by means of a pentaketide pathway since the sequence of a 651?bp fragment, coding for a putative polyketide synthase, is highly homologous to pks sequences from other fungi. |
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