提高湿地农业生态系统的总体功能与效益

我国农业可概分为湿地农业与旱地农业两大部分。湿地农业区主要分布于占国土面积32%的湿润区,耕地集中,系农副产品重要生产基地。仅以长江中下游地区为例,耕地占全国21%,稻、麦、棉、油菜的总产分别占全国的47%、20%、33.5%和50%,出栏猪头数、禽蛋和淡水鱼产量分别占全国的38.8%、35.8%和58.8%。随着商品经济发展,对湿地农业生产将有更高要求。由此,研究并提高湿地农业生态系统的总体结构、功能与效益就显得很迫切。本文拟以江苏为实例就如何开发与提高湿地农业生态系统的总体功能与效益作如下探讨。

Improving the Overall Function and Benefit of Agricultural Ecosystems in Wetlands.

The present situation and developmental trend of wetland agriculture in Jiangsu province were analysed.According to the analysis, a wetland agro-ecosystem should be established to exploit and use the land resourses including farmland, beach canal and various types of shallow water area and to improve their overall functions and benefits. A detailed discussion for research goals and classification of system based on land resourses were given. Ways for further research in 3 aspects of farmland, unarable land and compound systems were also discussed.