乙醇对中华眼镜蛇毒毒性的影响

目的为了探索乙醇对眼镜蛇毒毒性的影响。方法将眼镜蛇毒不同浓度致死量经不同浓度乙醇体外处理后，分别于小白鼠皮下注射、口服，将致死量蛇毒皮下注射后的小白鼠立即于局部注射乙醇，观察蛇毒毒性情况。结果小白鼠经皮下注射致死量眼镜蛇毒后，在局部注射50％（或异蛇米酒）、75％乙醇0．1～0．2ml有一定的保护作用；口服100倍皮下注射致死量眼镜蛇毒未发现有毒性表现，口服经50％乙醇处理后的眼镜蛇毒（100倍皮下注射致死量）未增加小鼠死亡率。结论眼镜蛇毒体外经过乙醇处理后毒性有所下降。口服少量的眼镜蛇毒是安全的。眼镜蛇毒与乙醇混合后口服未见蛇毒毒性增加。

Effect of Ethanol on Toxicity of Naja naja atra Venom

Objective To explore the effect of ethanol on the toxicity of Naja naja atra （Chinese cobra） venom. Methods The mice were given by subcutaneous injection （s. i） or oral administration the different concentrations of lethal dose of cobra venom which treated with different concentrations of ethanol in vitro. After the mice had been given the lethal dose of venom by s. i, the ethanol was immediately injected into the local. Their toxicity of cobra venom and effect of ethanol was observed. Results After used the lethal dose of cobra venom by s. i,the local treated immediately with 50%-75% ethanol 0. 1 -0. 2 ml,that had a protective effect. Oral 100 times （s. i） lethal dose of cobra venom was not found to have toxic perform- ance. Oral 100 times （s. i）lethal dose of cobra venom treated with 50% ethanol did not increase mortality of mice. Conclusion After cobra venom treated with ethanol in vitro the toxicity is decreased. Oral administration of small amounts of cobra venom is safe. When the cobra venom mixed with ethanol the toxicity is not to increase.